Henton Cottage

Parent Place or Precinct

12022 Australind Prec No1 - Henton Cottage, Upton House & Church of St Nicholas

Condition

Henton Cottage is in good condition. Since the 1976 restoration work, the place has been subject to regular maintenance.

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

Age, Construction, History, position.

Physical Description

Hand sawn timbers and weatherboard, shingle roof. Verandah two sides, French windows, two kitchens, one new.

History

Assessment 1977 Construction : c.1840's 'Mrs .R .Watson of the Augusta/Margaret Historical Society writes "I know of one owner of the site before J. Allnutt Sr but have no evidence either way to indicate whether there was one only. John Allnutt arrived at Leschenault on “Trusty" 22 .5.1844.• In his will, written 4/3/61 is the statement: • • • "and I hereby give and devize the Town Allotment in the Town site of Australind now my property and formerly the property of Dacres 'Williams together with the dwelling house , etc. etc ..

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Statement of Significance

The following statement is drawn from the entry documentation for the place in the State Register of Heritage Places: Henton Cottage, a single storey timber framed building in the Old Colonial Georgian style clad with jarrah weatherboards and a shingle roof, has cultural heritage significance for the following reasons: • The place was built and established as a hotel by one of the first Australind settlers, the Williams family, who arrived under the sponsorship of the short-lived West Australian Company’s land settlement scheme in the early 1840s to establish a farming community in the Australind area complete with its own townsite; • The place is rare as one of the three oldest, extant buildings constructed in the original Australind townsite in the 1840s, and together with Upton House (c. 1844) and Church of St. Nicholas (c. 1844) forms a very significant collection of historic buildings; • The place is the earliest known and still extant purpose-built inn/hotel in the State; and, • The place is a rare intact example of a timber and shingle building dating back to the early years of European settlement.

Physical Description

Henton Cottage is a handsawn timber frame, jarrah weatherboard building with a wooden shingle hip roof and a verandah on two sides supported on full height timber posts with a lean-to extension to the rear. The original building consisted of three rooms and a hallway which was constructed from pre-fabricated materials sent out from England. These rooms have been refurbished in an authentic manner by the Nutleys. The house has timber casement windows and French doors opening to the verandah and features a brick oven fireplace of unusual proportions, heavy jarrah doors with hand-made hinges. The doorframes were made of pit sawn timer utilising hand-made nails.

History

William Dacres Williams and his wife arrived in Australind aboard the 'Parkfield' in 1841. He built the 'Prince of Wales Hotel' which operated as a tavern and wayside inn from 1842/1843 to 1845. In 1843, Williams sold the tavern to James Witt for £200. By 1844, Witt was preparing to leave the colony and sold the land and buildings for £25 to John Allnutt who had arrived on the 'Trusty' in 1844. They named their new home Henton Cottage after John’s English home village of Henton. John Allnutt and his wife Sarah established their residence and general merchants store there in 1845 and that function continued until John Snr’s death in 1861. They raised two children at Henton Cottage, John and Anne. John Jnr leased Rosamel farm and later established Nelson Grange at Bridgetown. Anne Allnutt married Robert Henry Rose, owner of the property, Parkfield. Henton Cottage's function as a shop and residence is believed to have continued up until the late 19th century. It had a number of owners before the cottage was bought by Phil and Holly Nutley in 1976. They painstakingly restored the cottage to its original condition along with a blacksmith’s shop, outbuildings and stables. It was open to the public as a living museum. The outbuildings were demolished to make way for the Australind Shopping Centre built in the late 1980s. Henton Cottage is currently [2014] used as a retail premises.

Integrity/Authenticity

High/ Moderate

Condition

Excellent

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Church of St. Nicholas, Australind

Parent Place or Precinct

12022 Australind Prec No1 - Henton Cottage, Upton House & Church of St Nicholas

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

The following statement is drawn from the Register Entry for inclusion of the place in the State Register of Heritage Places in 2009: Church of St Nicholas, Australind a single-storey timber building with a corrugated zinc coated steel roof set in a landscaped garden, built c.1844 as a residence in the Old Colonial Georgian style and converted to use as a church in 1850, has cultural heritage significance for the following reasons: • The place is a substantially intact and rare example of the type of dwelling erected by Australind colonists following their arrival in Western Australia; • The place is a rare example of a colonist’s first cottage which has retained its original form rather than becoming part of later extensions; • The place has value as a landmark in Australind due to its continuity of form since the 1840s and function since 1850; together with the adjacent properties of Upton House and Henton Cottage, the three properties form a significant precinct; • The pews are a good example of colonial church furniture and other items, including altar table, font, and pedestal, and contribute to the aesthetic and historic significance of the place; • The place is closely associated with several families who were significant in the establishment of Australind town, district and the wider Shire of Harvey; prominent among these are the extended family of Marshall Waller Clifton, Chief Commissioner for the Western Australian Company who instigated the settlement at Australind; the place is also associated with John Allnutt who instigated the establishment of the Congregation Church in the former residence and was its first lay reader; and William and Sarah Narroway who resided in the building from 1844 to 1850; • The place is valued by the community of Australind and the surrounding district for its association with the Congregational church from 1850 to 1914 and the Anglican Church from 1914 to the present (2008); and, • The place has potential to reveal information on building techniques used by the European settlers at Australind, representing techniques commonly practised in the 1840s.

Physical Description

The church is a simple one room space of timber frame construction with jarrah weatherboard cladding. The roof is hipped with corrugated iron cladding with timber crosses. Doors are ledged and the windows timber framed. Internally it is simply furnished with exposed roof timbers and features memorial plaques to pioneering settlers. The church was damaged in December 2012 by a vehicle crashing into it but has since been repaired.

History

The Church of St. Nicholas stands on land originally purchased by James Narroway from the Western Australia Company. It was built in 1840 as a small cottage residence which Narroway shared with his wife Sarah. Later in 1848 it was used as a church by John Allnut, who held services in his home over the road until the Narroway cottage was made available as a church. Services were conducted there for a number of years, after which it was used for a school and then leased by the Church of England (Anglican Church) who eventually acquired the building in 1915. It was named St. Nicholas and cared for by the Clifton family and is reputed to be the smallest church still standing in the country. On the Festival of St. Nicholas in 1993 the church became a parish in its own right and a new Rectory was built in 1994.

Integrity/Authenticity

High/ High

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Upton House

Parent Place or Precinct

12022 Australind Prec No1 - Henton Cottage, Upton House & Church of St Nicholas

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

The following statement is drawn from the Register Entry for inclusion of the place in the State Register of Heritage Places in 1998 on a permanent basis. Upton House, a two-storey brick residence, has cultural heritage significance for the following reasons: • It is a rare example of an 1840s house in Western Australia demonstrating a sophisticated use of Georgian symmetry and simplicity, and a level of building craft not readily available to the general community; • The building and its extensive surrounding gardens are a prominent landmark in the Australind area; • The building is important for its long and close association with the Clifton family, whose members contributed greatly to the development of Western Australia; • The place was the childhood home of daughters of Marshall Waller Clifton who were important artists in Western Australian arts history; and, • The building contributes to the community's sense of place, a reminder of the early European settlement of the district.

Physical Description

Simple two-storey dwelling constructed from imported bricks and plaster and incorporated vented eaves, imported fine profile cast iron window casements and glazing, solid wall construction, locally sawn timber and finely designed and crafted French doors and internal staircase. The original house is the two storey section. Earlier timber additions were replaced with brick additions in the 1960s with further alterations having been undertaken in the 1990s and in 2006. The property is not the subject of a conservation plan but in 2014 the current owners engaged a specialist conservation company who applied a technique of repairing worn and damaged brick work to the Western side of the main building. This was done carefully machining out the damaged bricks, completely removing them from the wall then turning the brick around and repositioning them prior to re-pointing the mortar. This painstaking and slow technique was applied extensively to the original chimney which had deteriorated and was in poor condition. Following this the original building was re-roofed and the vented eaves were replaced.

History

Upton House was built by local resident, Pearce Clifton, for absentee owner, Mrs Elizabeth Fry, the English prison reformer and cousin of Mrs Waller Clifton (mother of Pearce Clifton). The name Upton House is derived from Mrs Fry's residence in Upton Lane, London. The materials for the house were transported to the settlement in one of the early ships as cargo and used for ballast. This included eight sets of French windows and twelve sets of cast iron windows. Pearce Clifton constructed the home with the use of locally cut jarrah and nails manufactured at Australind. Mrs Fry died in 1845 and her husband sold Upton House to Elinor Clifton, the mother of Pearce Clifton. In 1844/45 Pearce Clifton and his family moved out and his mother Elinor and father Marshall Waller Clifton moved into the property and it is they who are credited with establishing the splendid gardens at Upton House. Numerous outbuildings were built on the property but only the former dairy remains as the present day garage. The property remains the property of the Clifton family until the present day [2014].

Integrity/Authenticity

High/ High

Condition

Good

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Alverstoke

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

The following statements are drawn from the Register Documentation for the inclusion of Alverstoke on the State Register of Heritage Place • The place has historic value as one of the original properties allocated to settlers of the Australind scheme, and specifically as the property allocated to Marshall Waller Clifton who was the Chief Commissioner of the Western Australian Company; • The place has rarity value as one of a small number of farms in the South-West region that was established during the first two decades of European settlement in Western Australia which has survived in a relatively intact state; • The place has the potential of being an important research site. The homestead complex contains substantial evidence of material culture that could usefully inform the study of early European settlement and culture in Western Australia through archaeological investigation. An area to the immediate north of the homestead complex, on the bank of the Brunswick River, is known to have been an Aboriginal campsite until the early 1900s; • The place has aesthetic values as a homestead complex which contains a large collection of rustic farm buildings in a landscaped setting, bounded on two sides by a meandering watercourse and large native trees, and for the rest by open fields; • The place is an extensive and relatively intact collection of farm buildings and associated features that illustrate aspects of building construction, animal farming and horticulture over an extended period of time (1840s to the present). Some of the practices illustrated by the fabric are no longer in practice in Western Australia; • The older buildings have considerable value as examples of vernacular building forms typical of the nineteenth century. As a collection, Alverstoke demonstrates the physical qualities of a well-developed homestead complex containing buildings of several generations; • The split slab buildings are rare examples of a construction technique no longer practised in Western Australia; and, • The place has established a local reputation for its scenic qualities.

Physical Description

Historically important homestead dating from 1886 with additional outbuildings dating from the early settlement era of 1842 including a barn and small cottage, two stables, three sheds (1850s), workshop, original dairy, new dairy, single man's room (1900), machinery shed (1930s), hay shed (1940s) and a mature olive tree dating from the 1840s and a pear tree from the same period. The original cottage is constructed of rough hewn jarrah logs set vertically to form the walls with original internal surfacing of wattle and daub. Corrugated iron gable roof and sawn planks forming the gable ends. A brick fire place and chimney is set into one side wall with original internal surfacing of wattle and daub with casement windows on either side.

History

Alverstoke was established in July 1841 by Marshall Waller Clifton, who named it after his birthplace in Hampshire, England. He and his wife Elinor, along with their family of 13 children, developed it into the first farm in the district, growing wheat, barley and potatoes, and producing milk and cream from their dairy herd. The heavily timbered bush was cleared and a sawmill was established in 1844. A number of thatched buildings were erected and most are still standing having been restored. These include an original cottage and stables (c1841), dairy, barn, homestead (1886), and the Clifton School. The property is still associated with the Clifton family and operates as a farm and as a function centre. In 2010 major restoration works were undertaken at the place.

Integrity/Authenticity

High/ High

Condition

Good

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Harvey Agricultural College (fmr)

Child Places

• 03168 Italian Prisoner of War Shrine at Harvey Agric High School
• 11998 Replica of the Hut Homestead
• 03168 Italian Prisoner of War Shrine at Harvey Agric High School

Statement of Significance

The place is the first purpose built internment camp in Western Australia and demonstrates the interment policy implemented by the Australian Government during World War II. The place has social value for former internees and reflects the way in which Italian nationals were percieved during World War II. The place is also associated with the Commonwealth Reconstruction Training Scheme, which trained ex-servicemen and women in agricultural methods, and later other students of the Harvey Agricultural College. The place was also briefly used for military training for the 3rd Australian Corps after the internment camp was closed. There is some potential for archaeological deposts associated with the phases of occupation of the place to be present on the site, which may provide further information regarding the different activities undertaken there over time.

Physical Description

The place comprises a range of buildings dating from the 1940 establishment of an internment camp through to the 1980s use of the place as a senior high school. Approximately 20 buildings remain on the property, which has, in addition to its use as an internment camp during World War II, was used as the 3rd Australian Corps Training School, the Harvey Rural Training Centre, and an agricultural wing of the Harvey Senior High School. The buildings include the original prison building, hospital, and barracks buildings, as well as dwellings and later buildings constructed for educational purposes.

History

The camp, also known as No. 11 Internment Camp or Camp No. 11, was the first purpose built internment camp in Western Australia, established in 1941. The majority of the internees held there were Italians. For two weeks in late 1941, Camp No. 11 also housed the German survivors of the Kormoran. In April 1942, approximately 500 internees at Harvey Camp No. 11 were transferred to the temporary camp in Kalgoorlie, before being relocated again to Loveday in South Australia. For the remainder of the war, the camp was utilised as the 3rd Australian Corps Training School. At the end of the war, the Department of Defence offered the property to the WA Department of Agriculture for use as a rural training centre. In 1953 the former Harvey Rural Training Centre was identified as available for housing agriculture students undertaking education or training in south-western Australia. The place has since been used as the Harvey Agricultural College until recently.

Archaeology

Potential for archaeological artefacts and features to be present across the site.

Condition

Good to Excellent Condition

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Child Places

• 03168 Italian Prisoner of War Shrine at Harvey Agric High School
• 11998 Replica of the Hut Homestead
• 03168 Italian Prisoner of War Shrine at Harvey Agric High School

Statement of Significance

• The former internment camp has historic value as a demonstration of the internment policy which was practiced during World War II. • The former Agricultural College has social value for the many students and teachers who attended the school since 1953. • The place has social value for those who were interned at the camp and their families and for the wider community for its demonstration of the type of treatment administered during wartime.

Physical Description

The Agricultural College comprises a campus of a various building styles and ages and whilst they collectively form an important site, they do not all demonstrate cultural significance. The accommodation block is a long timber framed structure set on tall timber stumped footings. The roof is a shallow pitched gable roof clad in short sheet corrugated galvanised iron panels. The sweep of the roof continues down to form the verandah canopy. The verandah is enclosed by corrugated metal sheeting and accessed via metal tread steps. The elevation is clad in fibro sheeting on a timber frame with ledge and braced doors into the room but no windows. The wings at each end incorporate deeper rooms. The remaining three external elevations are clad with corrugated sheeting with high level sash windows sitting below the open eaves. Air conditioning units have been inserted in some of the windows. The hospital building is a further long timber framed range sitting on high timber stumps and accessed via various sets of timber steps. The elevations are fibro panelling with a continuous strip of windows extending across the full length of the front elevation, the rhythm of which is interrupted only by the entrance doors. There are no verandahs but the roof projects over the steps creating some shelter. The shallow pitched roof is clad in corrugated galvanised iron with tall brick chimneys. Weatherboard additions have been constructed at both ends of the range with timber framed sash windows and hipped roofs. The separate shower block is of similar construction with weatherboard cladding and timber framed casement windows, with a very shallow pitched corrugated iron roof. The former prison is a single storey brick range containing four cells. Each cell has its own door on the front elevation of the prison and a high level corresponding window to the rear elevation. Mid-pitched gable roof with corrugated iron sheeting. The pond was constructed by the Italians who had been interred at the camp during the war. The pond has random stone edging and a timber footbridge. The two ‘Heritage’ sheds date from the 1940s and are both of timber framed construction with corrugated iron cladding to both the walls and roofs, with timber stumped floors. The smaller ‘Heritage’ Shed 1 has been consumed by a larger, more recent shed but the plan form of the original structure remains extant. The rear elevation of the shed is formed by the rear section of the original shed incorproating half the original roof. Internally, the framework for the roof can still be seen. The small timber windows and door in the side elevation are original to the smaller shed. ‘Heritage’ Shed 2 is more intact. The stand alone structure is a simple rectangular shape in plan form with a largely open plan layout internally interrupted only by a small store/office section at the far end of the space. The north and south elevations present with a regular rhythm of windows along the full lengths of the elevations with a single door access in the south wall fronting onto the access road and double timber doors in the west elevation. The bridge was constructed in the 1940s to provide access across the site from the main entrance to the complex. The bridge has been structurally enhanced with steel pilings and replacement iron balustrade but the original bush timber pilings and bridge construction is still visible. The timber plan road surface is still extant but has been covered with bitumen.

History

The former Harvey Agricultural College was initially constructed during World War II as an internment camp for the accommodation of men designated as ‘enemy aliens’ or nationals of countries at war with Australia. The original buildings were constructed in 1940 by two private contractors, General Construction Co. Ltd and J. Hawkins and Son. A sum of £40,000 was allocated by the Commonwealth Department of Interior for the construction of the camp. Camp Management was overseen by Western Command of the Department of Defence with a Camp Commandant in charge. The camp, also known as Camp No.11 accommodated over 1000 men who lived 30 to a hut. The huts were simple dormitory style timber framed huts clad with galvanised iron on the walls and roofs. The remaining former dormitory block demonstrates this original construction and the hospital building is a modification of the basic building and was constructed in 1940 separate to the original programme of works, by contractor H. A. Doust for £3533. It is understood that the bridge within the property was built in the 1940 programme of works. Most of the internees held at Harvey were Italians who had been living and working in Western Australia prior to the war. They were miners, farmers, fishermen, tradesmen, businessmen and professionals. The crew of the German raider Kormoran and that of an Italian liner Remo were also accommodated there. The men followed a daily regime of work, recreation, meals and rest. Although not forced to work, the men cleared the surrounding bush, established market gardens and those with skills such as carpentry and shoemaking were kept busy at their trades. The camp was managed on a military model, the camp commandant could issue punishment to internees for breaches of discipline including; insolence; abusive language; refusing to obey an order; interfering with the camp fence and attempting to escape. Punishment usually consisted of a period in the brick detention cells from 1 to 28 days in the cells. The date of construction of the prison cells has not been determined. The camp closed in 1942 when the internees were transferred to Kalgoorlie. The camp was subsequently used for the remainder of WWII as a military training camp for the 3rd Australian Corps. The camp and the assets within it were no longer required by Western Command in October 1945. A 1945 catalogue of the assets on the site lists 116 buildings or structures including for example a sentry box, rifle range hut, telephone huts and a church hut. In June 1947, the Harvey Rural Training Centre began operation at the site under the Commonwealth Reconstruction Training Scheme and two month courses were offered to ex-servicemen and women in farming techniques and methodologies. In 1952, the camp became the focus for students who wished to pursue an education centred on farming styles common in the South West corner of Western Australia. The campus was administrated as an agricultural wing of the Harvey Senior High School. Having no farm land of its own students were ferried out to local farms for the practical side of their courses. Gradually small parcels of land surrounding the boarding facilities were acquired and developed for the students use. Other buildings were also added to the site during the second half of the 20th century as the needs and requirements of the Agricultural School developed. The campus initially catered for 48 male students solely boarding, but this changed in 1988 when the first 2 female students attended whilst boarding in town. In 1992, a transportable dormitory for girls was opened with 4 in attendance. On the 19th January 1998, the Harvey Agricultural College came into existence splitting from the Harvey Senior High School. In 2000, the Western Australian College of Agricultural - Harvey was formed, joining four other Colleges from around the state in becoming a Registered Training Organisation. The college ceased operating from this site in 2012 and the place is currently [2014] occupied by Harvey Health and Community Services Group.

Integrity/Authenticity

High/ Moderate

Condition

Fair to Good

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Replica of the Hut Homestead

Parent Place or Precinct

25228 Harvey Agricultural College (fmr)

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

• The place has social value for its recognition of the pioneers of the district and its stylised interpretation of early ways of life. • The place has historic value as it is associated with Captain James Stirling leader of the Swan River Colony and early landholder in the district. • The place has historic value for its association with the Gibb brothers who oversaw the development of the landholding. • The place has aesthetic value as a simple timber cottage in a tranquil and landscaped setting.

Physical Description

This is a replica of the original settler style Homestead cottage, constructed from timber frame with timber slab walls (vertical slabs), together with a hipped timber shingle roof and brick chimney. The roof has been extended out at a shallower pitch to form the verandah roof, supported on square timber columns and is open to the underside. The verandah wraps around the building. May Gibbs and the Gumnut Babies, Snugglepot and Cuddlepie, are featured in Stirling’s Cottage in memory of the years that Gibbs spent living in the Homestead nearby and her adoption of the local flora in her many publications. SITE Ref. No. 32

History

In 1837, Governor Stirling, the first Governor of WA, viewed the land that he had reserved for himself in 1836. He had selected 12,800 acres of fertile land that he referred alternatively to as The Harvey or The Korijekup. A hut was erected on the banks of the Harvey River. John Thompson Logue managed Stirling’s grant from 1870 to 1884 and built the extensions to the hut. The building became known as The Homestead and it is known that there were two homesteads within the property during this period. In 1883/4 Dr Harvey, John Young, Herbert and George Gibbs formed a partnership and purchased the Harvey Estate from Governor Stirling’s agents. Early in 1885, Herbert and George Gibbs took up residence on the estate. Herbert’s daughter, May Gibbs was the author of popular illustrated children's books with the characters 'Snugglepot and Cuddlepie'. It is believed that the inspiration for her bush characters came from her years in Harvey. Over the years, a portion of The Homestead that John Thompson Logue had built burnt down and the remainder fell into disrepair. By the end of the 1960s, only a few bricks and stones remained. A singular pine tree marked the site of the cottage but was blown down during a storm in 1985. This building is an interpretation of the original homestead which was located 500 metres downstream and was an initiative of the Shire of Harvey. The building was opened for visitors in October 1994. The shingled roof, jarrah walls and hexagonal paving blocks are features inspired by the original homestead.

Integrity/Authenticity

High/ High

Condition

Good

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Italian Prisoner of War Shrine at Harvey Agric High School

Parent Place or Precinct

25228 Harvey Agricultural College (fmr)

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

The shrine is important as a symbol of European tradition brought to Australia and is the only one of its kind known in WA. It marks a particular period n Australian history and is of special interest in Harvey where a number of Italian migrants have settled, some of them former prisoners of war or internees.

Physical Description

The mantel or altar table has been cast to suit the shape and the front centre portion is supported by a cone shaped cement corbel. The stone­ mason. has skilfully followed Church. philosophy by using the side wings like arms outstretched to cov.er the congregation, The semi-circular niche with the Gothic arch on top was popular in 18th Century·British and European churches.

History

Assessment 1982 Construction 1941 Built by the Italians interned at Harvey Internee Camp during World War 2, when over 1000 Italians and about 20 Germans were held there until 1942 when Japan entered the war and the internment camp was moved to a site near Kalgoorlie. Occassional masses are still conducted at the shrine.

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Parent Place or Precinct

25228 Harvey Agricultural College (fmr)

Statement of Significance

• The place has historic value for its association with the internment of Italian men during World War II. • The place has social value for those who were interned at the camp and their families. • The place has social value for the wider community for its demonstration of the type of treatment administered during wartime.

Physical Description

The Shrine is now housed in a purpose built structure. The structure is of random stone construction with brick internal walls and distinctive hexagonal shaping to the end elevations. The roof is hipped in form and clad with colorbond. Window openings have been inserted into the elevations but there is no glazing. The openings have concrete reveals and sills. There is a porte cochere type element that projects out from the main entrance providing shelter to visitors. Also in the grounds is a fountain "Fontana 2000" which has been constructed in the same manner as the shrine and shelter.

History

Harvey Internment Camp No 11 was established in September 1940 in response to Mussolini joining Hitler and declaring war on France and Great Britain. Many Italian men living and working in Western Australia were rounded up and interned, the selection criteria for internment was haphazard. To relieve the boredom and frustration Giovanni-Battista Boshetti, an experienced stonemason, wished to build a chapel as work therapy for other internees and leave a permanent visual reminder of the Italian presence at Camp 11. Requests for the materials were refused and instead a small shrine was built. Although the shrine is a religious icon, two symbols of defiance (AXX – 20th year of the era of Fascism in Italy and IHSV – In Hoc Signo Vinces translated to - in this sign we will conquer) are incorporated in the design as a political statement. He was assisted by Giuseppe Raneri (architect) and Gaetano Tomba. Some of the crew from the German Raider Kormoran, which sank H.M.A.S. Sydney in November 1941 and the crew of the Italian liner the Remo, which berthed at Fremantle after the outbreak of war, were also housed at the camp. The Camp was closed in April 1942 when the WA coastline was under threat from the Japanese. Its strong lights posed a security threat. The remaining 500 internees were transferred to Kalgoorlie en route to Loveday in South Australia. The camp site became an Army Training School and later a Rural Training Centre for Ex-Servicemen. For many years it has been the site of the Agricultural School. All that remains of the Internment camp are the Shrine, two huts, the jail in its original condition and the hospital building which houses teaching staff. The Shrine was enclosed in a Chapel in 1992. The materials for the construction of the chapel were chosen for their similarity to the shrine.

Integrity/Authenticity

High/ High

Condition

Good

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St Joseph's Church & Cottage

Parent Place or Precinct

03759 Yarloop Mill Town Conservation Area

Physical Description

St Joseph’s Church and Cottage is a timber and corrugated iron church and cottage. The church is valued for its aesthetic characteristics as an example of Australian ecclesiastical vernacular architecture, with Gothic stylistic references. The place was destroyed in a bushfire in January 2016

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

Formerly, the church had historic value for its association with the establishment and development of the town in the 1900s Formerly, the church had social and spiritual value for the community who worship there and for those who have attended significant events at the church Formerly, the church had aesthetic value as a simple expression of the Federation Gothic style expressed in timber and for its contribution to the streetscape of the heritage area.

Physical Description

Single storey timber framed structure with weatherboard cladding. Pitched gable roof facing the street clad in corrugated iron. A small porch has been constructed on the front elevation with additional gable roof at the same pitch and detail as the main roof. Timber framed arched openings with sash windows are spaced at regular intervals along the east and west elevations. The roof incorporates a vented gable to the rear. Two rear additions constructed with timber frame, weatherboard cladding and fibro panelling, skillion roof, doors to both sections and sash and louvred openings to the west elevation of the addition. Destroyed by January 2016 Yarloop/Harvey/Waroona Fire.

History

St Joseph's Catholic Church was designed by Mr Finlay and built by Mr Campbell. The church was blessed and opened by Father Donagher on Sunday 24 June 1906. The church continues to be well maintained and used by the small local community. This building was burnt down by the January 2016 Yarloop/Harvey/Waroona Fire. The chimney was left standing however has since been deemed structurally unsound and was subsequently removed.

Integrity/Authenticity

Nil/ Nil

Condition

Destroyed in the January 2016 Yarloop/ Harvey/ Waroona Bushfire.

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Yarloop Timber Mill Workshops

Parent Place or Precinct

03759 Yarloop Mill Town Conservation Area

Physical Description

Destroyed by bushfire in January 2016.

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

The following statement has been reproduced from the register entry for the inclusion of the place in the State Register of Heritage Places in 2000. Yarloop Timber Mill Workshops, an early twentieth century railway workshop complex, has cultural heritage significance for the following reasons: • the place is the most intact example of an early privately owned twentieth century railway workshop in Australia; • the place was the most substantial railway and industrial workshop complex established by a private company in Western Australia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; • the place was the main workshops serving the timber company which was commonly known as Millar's from the early twentieth century until the 1960s and played a major role in the timber industry of Western Australia, and the daily life of the people of Yarloop and associated timber towns for more than half a century; • the place, including the workshop buildings, tracks and yards constructed circa 1900-1910, comprises the most important group of early to mid-twentieth century timber industrial buildings in Western Australia; • the place contains some significant machinery, some of which remains operable, as well as a unique collection of patterns, and collections of associated tools, equipment, fittings and documents; • the place contains a number of significant site features associated with the industrial processes, in particular the Running Shed and its associated shops; • the place was a major employer and played a significant role in the training of apprentices for the various trades and professions represented on the site and elsewhere in the timber industry; • the place forms a part of the significant townscape of Yarloop, which is a fine example of a substantially intact timber town; and, • the continued development of the workshops, and the employment which the workshops provided, were the raison d'etre for the expansion and survival of the town of Yarloop after the closure of the original timber mill at Yarloop, and through much of the history of the town in the twentieth century.

Physical Description

Complex of over 20 timber industrial sheds and buildings with jarrah weatherboard cladding, corrugated galvanised roofs, concrete floors with large internal spaces full of machinery and associated equipment. The sheds were used for a variety of purposes all connected with the milling industry and are therefore all slightly different in their design and presentation. Destroyed by January 2016 Yarloop/Harvey/Waroona Fire.

History

The Millar brothers; Charles and Edwin had established a successful timber business in the 1880s and were looking for new locations to source and mill timber in the south west of WA. A 300 acre site including the site of the present Yarloop mill was chosen. Its distance 2km south of the Waigerup (Wagerup) siding near the government railway line was attractive to the Millar's as its distance from other settlements meant the company could retain control over staff and workmen. The first General Manager of the mill was Henry Teesdale Smith and the first mill was operating in 1895. Millar's constructed a loop line from the Government railway line via what became known as the Top Yard. This line was known as the Yard Loop and about 1897 was abbreviated to Yarloop which became the name of the mill town and railway station. Millar's provided all the necessary support facilities such as accommodation and health care for their workers. By 1901 all the timber in the vicinity of Yarloop was depleted and the mill shut down. The Yarloop workshops developed on the site of the old mill as a repair and maintenance centre for Millar's South west sawmilling operations. The workshops maintained the steam locomotives of the extensive Millar's railway system developed to cart the felled timber and to service the other 26 south west mills. In addition the workshops manufactured some rolling stock and mill equipment and serviced stationary steam engines. The workshop at one time employed more than 100 people and over 500 people in the immediate Yarloop vicinity. The height of activity was in the 1930s with the company owning the largest private railway system in the world. The last new buildings on the site were constructed in the 1950s. The workshops were still operating in 1978 when they were severely damaged by Cyclone Alby. This event led to closure of the workshops as a viable business but the place was recognised for its heritage value and teams of volunteers undertook restoration of the buildings and machinery. The workshops were classified by the National Trust of Australia (WA) in 1984 and included on the State Register of Heritage Places on a permanent basis in 2000. The workshop was burnt down by the January 2016 Yarloop/Harvey/Waroona Fire. Although many artefacts were destroyed and lost in the Fire, there are some items that could be recovered and restored.

Integrity/Authenticity

Low / Low

Condition

Demolished following the January 2016 Yarloop/ Harvey/ Waroona fire

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Physical Description

The buildings are in varying states of repair, some needing maintenance and restoration. Millar's are thought to have intentions of redeveloping their worlc:shop system, possibly on the same site. For this reason the National Trust recommends that consideration should be given to the preservation of the complex, possibly as a working museum. The complex is of major importance because contents of the buildings consist of the technological equipment of a timber mill workshop before the opening of the twentieth century together with associated structures in timber erected before the general use of metal for all purposes. Note: Yarloop was impacted by severe bushfires in 2016 and a restoration project is underway

History

Assessment 1974 Construction mid 1890's Architect/Builder; Millars Karri & Jarrah Co LTD At Yarloop, nearly 80 miles south of Perth along the South Western Highway, Millars Karri and Jarrah Co.Ltd. have operated a timber mill since the 1890's. An early decision was: made to centralise the mill and workshop activities at Yarloop to service the several timber mills operated by the company in the hills eastwards of the W.A.G.R .South Western Railway. The mill tradition is that the name derives from the loop line at the timber yard; early settlers would remark that a nearby brook had the name Yalup . The mill and workshop were originally built alongside the Government railway, but in more recent times the mill was resited near the Highway. To visit the workshop one must turn off the Highway, by-pass the present mill and continue into the township . Hillar's timber operations (involving the mill and workshop)represent one of the fundamental reasons for Yarloop's existence. Built in the mid 1890's the workshops retain all the original .form and atmosphere and read much as they must have done when first operative. The main workshop contains original heavy equipment, overhead belt drive gear, boilers, clocks etc•• A G-class steam locomotive in very original condition stands in its own shed . Our preliminary investigatio ns indicate that this workshop may have been maintaining Millar's fleet of steam locomotives and mill equipment before the Midland railway workshops were operative.It is believed that occasionally W.A.G.R .locomotives were serviced at this workshop which was so much moI·e central for the South Western Railway. The complex represents a unique example of a complete and working timber mill workshop in Western Australia (and possibly Australia).

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