The Knowle

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Statement of Significance

Refer to HCWA's Assessment Documentation of Places for Entry in the Register of Heritage Places.

Physical Description

Originally a 2 storey masonry building, rendered and lined-out externally with 2 storey verandahs. The original shingle roof was later replaced with corrugated iron. The main building has three large faceted bays along its western facade. These bays are encompassed by the two storey verandahs, covered by a reduced pitch extension of the main hipped roofs over the bays. The original verandah detailing has been replaced. The upstairs verandah has been enclosed. There are French doors to the ground floor rooms. Ornamented timber and iron staircase lead to the first floor from the entrance hall. Secondary staircase, probably of later construction, has turned timber newels and balustrading. The building was later altered for hospital use and major extensions and alterations in a number of stages were added to the southern side of the building and internally. Refer to Heritage Council of Western Australia's Register of Heritage Places - Register and Assessment Documentation.

History

The Knowle was built in 1853 as a private residence for Captain Henderson, the Comptroller General of Prisons of the Convict Colony in the Swan River Colony. Henderson designed the building and convict labour was used in the construction of the original building. It ceased to be a private residence in 1867. The building was used by the colonial authorities in the latter half of the 19th century for a variety of functions including the accommodation of convicts, British invalids and to accommodate residents from the lunatic asylum. The Knowle was thus part of the prison until 1890s when the state government took it over and turned it into the first public hospital in Fremantle to cope with a typhoid outbreak. Alterations and repairs were undertaken by J Herbert Eales. In January 1897 it opened as a 52 bed hospital. Further extensions were built under J H Eales in 1903, which included operating theatre, outpatients’ quarters, examination rooms, waiting and consulting rooms. The old house was extended by one third by PWD architect Charles Rosenthal who later had a distinguished architectural and military career. Construction work on the hospital and its grounds was performed by prisoners who later contributed to its maintenance. The Knowle is remarkably intact, retaining the staircase made by the convict smiths in the prison smithies, and most of its interior fittings, floor and ceiling. The distinctive verandahs and semi-circular arched lower edge are still evident and the long axis is still recognisable for its three faceted projections, which wrap around the two storeys. The building is now obscured by the development of the hospital around it and it has lost its landscaped setting. Many additions and alterations have occurred since its construction and for a detailed history refer to Heritage Council of Western Australia's Register of Heritage Places - Register and Assessment Documentation.

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Statement of Significance

Architectural(technical accomplishment This colonial building built by convict labour of local materials demonstrates the adaption of an established English house style to West Australian conditions and climate. The building recognises the process of adaption from home to hospital. Technical accomplishment is demonstrated in colonial building skill using convict labour. A good deal of change to the original home does not hinder witness of its original character. Demonstration of a way of life: Demonstration of the domestic life of a transplanted English family coming to terms with a new environment and as a reminder of the role of the Comptroller General in the Convict era of the State's history. Historical significance Associated with role of the prison and convict system in Fremantle and Western Australia. Environmental importance Contributes to the hospital landscape. Forms a coherent composition of buildings that adds a significant richness to the hospital landscape. Scarcity value The only convict built Comptroller Generals house in Western Australia. The first Government Hospital in Fremantle. Scarce as a colonial building incorporated into and witness to the development of a hospital precinct.

Physical Description

The Knowle was built for the Comptroller General of Convicts in Western Australia in 1852 and was designed by the first Comptroller General, Captain Edmund Henderson. The site chosen for the house was a portion of high ground which commanded a view of the convict establishment including the Warders cottages and the Pensioner Guard parade ground (now Fremantle Oval). The stone for the house was probably quarried from the main prison site with convict labour. Convict labour was also used to erect the house with the probable involvement of trained free labour. The use of the Knowle as a residence for the Comptroller General diminished as his role gradually shifted from Prison Supervisor to Bureaucrat. By 1872 the Imperial Invalids were being housed at the Knowle. These were incapacitated men, convicts or free whose upkeep was the responsibility of the British Government. In 1891 the Invalids were moved out and the building used to ease overcrowding at the Asylum. The building gradually fell into disrepair over the years but in 1896 repairs and additions were affected to prepare it for use as a public hospital. A new wing to match the existing structure was designed by Charles Rosenthal, then of the PWD. The new wing extends the house by a third. Another small wing was added in 1900-1909 for a new operating theatre. In 1976 new additions to the north east of the building replaced a kitchen pantry and scullery established in 1898. During its use as a hospital the Knowle was home to Nurses' Quarters, Women's Wards and Children's Wards. At present the building is used for administrative offices and amenities. Although the building has been changed through the removal of walls and substantial additions, the fabric of the original home remains in the existing building. The additions of 1896 are largely intact except on the first floor where the removal of walls has changed the character of this part of the building . At present the building has a corrugated metal roof and rendered external walls which have been ruled with stone coursing. The fabric of the building is in good condition.

History

Assessment 1992 The Knowle is located within the Fremantle hospital grounds which is bounded by South Terrace, Alma St, Hampton Road and Fremantle Oval. Designed by Captain Henderson R E First head of Scotland Yard Construction Date From 1853, 1896, 1900, 1914 Builder; Convict labour

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DUPLEX, 11 ALMA STREET

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Statement of Significance

Duplex, 11 & 13 Alma Street, is a typical brick and iron single storey duplex pair dating from 1900. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is very late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

Duplex, 11-13 Alma Street is a single storey rendered brick and iron duplex pair with an asymmetrical facade designed as a late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are rendered brick. The roof is gabled and clad with zincalume. There is a protruding dividing wall between the two duplex halves. The roof to number 13 has been replaced at a later date than the roof to number 11. Originally the facades to the two duplex halves would have been identical and symmetrical. Now No. 11 has a large timber framed, three pane window with a timber framed, corrugated iron clad awning over, and a low height timber picket fence to the boundary, whilst No. 13 has a pair of timber framed double hung sash windows and a steeply pitched, corrugated iron verandah roof supported on turned timber posts and no fence. The verandah is set on the front boundary line of the property. The front doors are both set back behind arched recesses.

History

This house is part of a duplex pair 11-13 Alma Street which were formerly numbered 35-37 Alma Street. The numbering changed in 1934/35. The cottages were built in 1900 for the owner Richard Joseph Shanahan. He was a railway employee who had come from South Australia in the early 1890s. He married Catherine O’Keefe in Fremantle and the couple had five children and occupied 11 Alma Street until 1903/4. In 1902/03, the ownership of the cottages transferred to Captain Frank Biddles who leased out the cottages to various tenants. Biddles was a ship owner and master pearler who operated from Broome and Cossack. In December 1907, the sewerage plan of the site shows that the two brick buildings fully occupied the lots except for a small access way along the sides of the buildings. Small weatherboard structures were constructed on the rear of the building and brick closets were located in the small rear yard. The laneway at the rear of the lots provided access to the property and the lots were fenced. Descendants of Frank Biddles owned the properties until 1935/36 when the ownership was transferred to Irene Raymond Mills and then Lily M Organ. In 1951/52 the properties were transferred to Giovanni, Domenico and Joseph Buzzai. The Buzzai family were owners of both cottages until the 1970s and various members of the Buzzai family occupied the cottages throughout this period. In 1972/74, 11 Alma Street was transferred to William Rene Sinclair and he occupied the cottage. A photograph of the cottages taken in 1978 shows that the two cottages had rendered front facades. The front windows were different: No. 11 had one large, three paned casement window and No. 13 had two sash windows. At this time, the roof of 11 Alma Street had been replaced with corrugated zincalume, while the roof of 13 Alma Street still featured the original short sheets of corrugated iron.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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Twelve Houses

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DUPLEX, 13 ALMA STREET

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Statement of Significance

Duplex, 11 & 13 Alma Street, is a typical brick and iron single storey duplex pair dating from 1900. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is very late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

Duplex, 11-13 Alma Street is a single storey rendered brick and iron duplex pair with an asymmetrical facade designed as a late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are rendered brick. The roof is gabled and clad with zincalume. There is a protruding dividing wall between the two duplex halves. The roof to number 13 has been replaced at a later date than the roof to number 11. Originally the facades to the two duplex halves would have been identical and symmetrical. Now No. 11 has a large timber framed, three pane window with a timber framed, corrugated iron clad awning over, and a low height timber picket fence to the boundary, whilst No. 13 has a pair of timber framed double hung sash windows and a steeply pitched, corrugated iron verandah roof supported on turned timber posts and no fence. The verandah is set on the front boundary line of the property. The front doors are both set back behind arched recesses.

History

This house is part of a duplex pair 11-13 Alma Street which were formerly numbered 35-37 Alma Street. The numbering changed in 1934/35. The cottages were built in 1900 for the owner Richard Joseph Shanahan. He was a railway employee who had come from South Australia in the early 1890s. He married Catherine O’Keefe in Fremantle and the couple had five children and occupied 11 Alma Street until 1903/4. In 1902/03, the ownership of the cottages transferred to Captain Frank Biddles who leased out the cottages to various tenants. Biddles was a ship owner and master pearler who operated from Broome and Cossack. In December 1907, the sewerage plan of the site shows that the two brick buildings fully occupied the lots except for a small access way along the sides of the buildings. Small weatherboard structures were constructed on the rear of the building and brick closets were located in the small rear yard. The laneway at the rear of the lots provided access to the property and the lots were fenced. Descendants of Frank Biddles owned the properties until 1935/36 when the ownership was transferred to Irene Raymond Mills and then Lily M Organ. In 1951/52 the properties were transferred to Giovanni, Domenico and Joseph Buzzai. The Buzzai family were owners of both cottages until the 1970s and various members of the Buzzai family occupied the cottages throughout this period. In 1968/72, 13 Alma Street was transferred to Roland Willetts and he occupied that cottage. A photograph of the cottages taken in 1978 shows that the two cottages had rendered front facades. The front windows were different: No. 11 had one large, three paned casement window and No. 13 had two sash windows. At this time, the roof of 11 Alma Street had been replaced with corrugated zincalume, while the roof of 13 Alma Street still featured the original short sheets of corrugated iron. In 1991, a real estate photograph of the 13 Alma Street cottage shows that a small verandah had been added to the front elevation. Internally the cottage had been renovated with new wet areas and kitchen.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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DUPLEX, 15 ALMA STREET

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Statement of Significance

Duplex, 15 & 17 Alma Street, is a typical limestone, brick and iron single storey duplex pair dating from 1902. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is very late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

Duplex, 15-17 Alma Street is a single storey rendered brick and iron duplex pair with a symmetrical facade designed as a late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are limestone with face red brick quoining. The roof is gabled and clad with corrugated iron. There is a protruding dividing wall between the two duplex halves and two red face brick chimneys with brick corbels. The overall facade of the pair is symmetrical with each having a front door, with a sidelight and fanlight, and a double hung sash window. Both have a verandah under separate corrugated iron roofs supported on timber posts. No 15 has simple timber brackets. Each duplex half has a rendered masonry and timber picket fence to the front boundary line.

History

This house is part of a duplex pair 15-17 Alma Street, which were formerly numbered 39-41 Alma Street. The numbering changed in 1934/35. The duplex was constructed in 1902/3 for the owner Stephen Lorden who had purchased the lot in the same year. Stephen Lorden had a patent dry blower works in Collie Street and had previously lived in Quarry Street. Lorden leased out the cottages to various tenants during his ownership of the place. In 1907, the sewerage plan of the site shows that the brick cottages had front verandahs and small galvanised iron structures built on the rear of the two cottages. Galvanised iron closets were located on the rear property boundary and the lots were fenced. 15 Alma Street was subsequently owned by Johanna McKinnon, John Walter Thompson and then Sydney Lawrence Marquand who occupied the cottage in the 1940s. Alecia Evelyn Marquand owned both cottages in 1951/52 and occupied 15 Alma Street at that time. A photograph of 15 Alma street taken in 1978 shows that the front verandah had been enclosed with a louvre and fibre board cladding. In 2003, the City of Fremantle received a request from the owners to undertake renovations and additions. These additions required the demolition of a lean-to washhouse which was not original. Approval was granted to demolish the lean-to, construct a new kitchen and bathroom in the same location and create an open court in the remaining space.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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DUPLEX, 17 ALMA STREET

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Statement of Significance

Duplex, 15 & 17 Alma Street, is a typical limestone, brick and iron single storey duplex pair dating from 1902. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is very late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

Duplex, 15-17 Alma Street are a single storey rendered brick and iron duplex pair with a symmetrical facade designed as a late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are limestone with face red brick quoining. The roof is gabled and clad with corrugated iron. There is a protruding dividing wall between the two duplex halves and two red face brick chimneys with brick corbels. The overall facade of the pair is symmetrical with each having a front door, with a sidelight and fanlight, and a double hung sash window. Both have a verandah under separate corrugated iron roofs supported on timber posts. Each duplex half has a rendered masonry and timber picket fence to the front boundary line.

History

This house is part of a duplex pair 15-17 Alma Street, which were formerly numbered 39-41 Alma Street. The numbering changed in 1934/35. The duplex was constructed in 1902/3 for the owner Stephen Lorden who had purchased the lot in the same year. Stephen Lorden had a patent dry blower works in Collie Street and had previously lived in Quarry Street. Lorden leased out the cottages to various tenants during his ownership of the place. In 1907, the sewerage plan of the site shows that the brick cottages had front verandahs and small galvanised iron structures built on the rear of the two cottages. Galvanised iron closets were located on the rear property boundary and the lots were fenced. Later owners were Johanna Sinclair, John Walter Thompson and then Sydney Lawrence Marquand. During the period from 1920 to 1940, 17 Alma Street was occupied by John Small. In 1951, the place was occupied by Waldemar and Joachim Martinenko and owned by Alecia Evelyn Marquand. A photograph of 17 Alma street taken in 1978 shows that the front verandah had been enclosed with a louvre and fibre board cladding. A low light coloured brick wall was also evident on the front boundary. A photograph of 17 Alma Street in 1995 shows that the front wall had been replaced with a rendered brick and timber wall of approx. 1800mm height. The façade is obscured due to plantings in the front yard. An attached description of the property indicates that the cottage had undergone renovations including new kitchen and bathroom and the addition of a studio workshop in the rear courtyard.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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DUPLEX, 19 ALMA STREET

Uses

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Statement of Significance

Duplex, 19 & 21 Alma Street, is a typical limestone, rendered masonry and iron single storey duplex pair dating from 1897. The external materials of the place have been partially altered. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is very late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

19 & 21 Alma Street are a modified, single storey, rendered brick and iron duplex pair with a symmetrical facade designed as a late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are rendered masonry to no 19 and limestone clad to no. 21. The roof is hipped and clad with corrugated iron. There is a protruding dividing wall between the two duplex halves. The overall facade of the pair is symmetrical with each having a front door and a timber framed window. No. 21 has a metal roller shutter over the window. Both have a verandah under a continuous corrugated iron roof supported on decorative plaster piers. No 19 has a rendered masonry half height wall between the piers and no. 21 has a half height limestone wall. The edge of the verandah is located on the front boundary line.

History

This house is part of a duplex pair 19/-21 Alma Street, formerly numbered 43-45 Alma Street. The numbering changed in 1934/35. Information from the Post Office directories indicates that the duplex was built in 1899 and this half of the duplex was known as ‘Alma Cottage’. There may have been a cottage that existed on the site previously known as ‘Alma Cottage’ but this has not been confirmed. In 1899 the occupants were John Brooks and his wife and the name ‘Alma Cottage’ seems to have applied only to this half of the duplex. Mrs Brooks was a dressmaker and worked from this address. Later occupants included Miss M. A. Kelly, George Musto and Charles Ashton. The 1907 sewerage plan of the site shows that the two brick cottages had verandahs at the front and rear. In the back yards were galvanised iron closets and an additional galvanised iron outbuilding. Photographs of the place in 1978 show that the front verandahs had been enclosed with a half wall of rendered brick and decorative pillars replaced the verandah posts. In 1989, the house had a separate laundry, bathroom, toilet and shower recess in the rear of the property. In 1994, the two halves of the duplex had different treatments. 21 Alma Street had an imitation limestone block render and a security blind on the front window, 19 Alma Street had the lower half of the front façade in open brickwork and the top half was rendered. The roof was in poor condition at this time. In 2001, the roofing had been replaced but little else had been modified.

Integrity/Authenticity

Medium degree of integrity (original intent partially clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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RON DOIG BLOCK, 2 ALMA STREET

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Statement of Significance

Ron Doig Block, Alma Street has historic significance for its link to the Fremantle Hospital site, which first opened as a public hospital in 1896. It has social significance as a hospital that has served both the local and wider community for over 100 years. The Ron Doig Block was the first purpose built outpatients' block.

Physical Description

Ron Doig Block, 2 Alma Street is a single storey L-shaped rendered masonry and tile building. There are red face brick walls to dado height, with rendered brick walls above. The roof is hipped and gabled at one end and clad with tiles. The door under the gabled roof has a fixed pane fanlight over. There are timber framed double hung sash windows, some covered with steel barred security grilles. A steel and concrete walkway spans the roof to connect to hospital buildings behind. The steel support beams cross above the entrance door and gabled roof. Located south west of the Knowle.

History

The building was constructed in 1933/34 as an outpatients' department to serve the Fremantle Hospital. The building was designed by the Public Works Department of Western Australia under the direction of architect, Mr Clare. The building was constructed by contractor H.A. Doust for a fee of £7,560.17.0. The building was named in memory of popular South Fremantle Football Captain and Coach, Ronald Oldham Doig, who died as a result of injuries received during a football match. In 1932 during a football game Doig received a blow to the head which caused a haemorrhage and resulted in his death. A foundation stone was laid on 8 October 1933, by the Minister of Works, Alexander McCallum and the building was opened by Ron Doig’s mother on 26 August 1934. A lift house was installed outside the Ron Doig Block in 1934 to lift patients from the building to the wards opposite or the operating theatre in the Knowle. The lift was replaced in the early 1950s as the existing one was dangerous and slow.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). Medium degree of authenticity with some original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as fair to good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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DUPLEX, 21 ALMA STREET

Uses

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Statement of Significance

Duplex, 19 & 21 Alma Street, is a typical limestone, rendered masonry and iron single storey duplex pair dating from 1897. The external materials of the place have been partially altered. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is very late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

19 & 21 Alma Street are a modified, single storey, rendered brick and iron duplex pair with a symmetrical facade designed as a late example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are rendered masonry to no 19 and limestone clad to no. 21. The roof is hipped and clad with corrugated iron. There is a protruding dividing wall between the two duplex halves. The overall facade of the pair is symmetrical with each having a front door and a timber framed window. No. 21 has a metal roller shutter over the window. Both have a verandah under a continuous corrugated iron roof supported on decorative plaster piers. No 19 has a rendered masonry half height wall between the piers and no. 21 has a half height limestone wall. The edge of the verandah is located on the front boundary line.

History

This house is part of a duplex pair 19-21 Alma Street, formerly numbered 43-45 Alma Street. The numbering changed in 1934/35. Information from the Post Office directories indicates that the duplex was built c.1899. There appears to have been a cottage on the site prior to this date known as ‘Alma Cottage’ but it is unknown if that was part of this duplex. No. 19 was later known as Alma Cottage. The first occupant of 21 Alma Street was James Pratt. Later occupants were Morrie Scanlon, David Hunter, William Holland and John Fletcher, The 1907 sewerage plan of the site shows that the two brick cottages had verandahs at the front and rear. In the back yards were galvanised iron closets and an additional galvanised iron outbuilding. Photographs of the place in 1978 show that the front verandahs had been enclosed with a half wall of rendered brick and decorative pillars replaced the verandah posts. In 1994, the two halves of the duplex had different treatments. 21 Alma Street had an imitation limestone block render and a security blind on the front window. 19 Alma Street had the lower half of the front façade in open brickwork and the top half was rendered. The roof was in poor condition at this time. In 2001, the roofing had been replaced but little else had been modified.

Integrity/Authenticity

Medium degree of integrity (original intent partially clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). Medium degree of authenticity with some original fabric remaining but with alterations. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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HOUSE, 23 ALMA STREET

Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Uses

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Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Statement of Significance

House, 23 Alma Street, is a typical brick and tile single storey house dating from c1915. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is an example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture.

Physical Description

23 Alma Street is a single storey, brick and tile house with an asymmetrical facade designed as a simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture. The walls are brick with a high level rendered masonry band. The roof is hipped and clad with terracotta tiles. There are two face brick chimneys. There is a projecting front room with a three sash casement window and a tiled awning over. The adjacent verandah has a continuous tiled roof and is supported by timber posts. There is a simple grassed front garden with low bushes and no front boundary fence.

History

Ada Street was developed in the first two decades of the twentieth century. House, 23 Alma Street was built after 1908, as it is not shown on the sewerage plan of that year. It is first listed in the Post Office Directories for 1916 and the occupant was Francis C. Sims. The cottages at 23 to 31 Alma Street were all built in the same year. This house was formerly 93 Alma Street; renumbering occurred in 1934/35. A photograph in 1996 shows a brick and tile house in good condition. The original features such as the doors, windows, awnings and decorative timber work were all in evidence.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). High degree of authenticity with much original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

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Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Child Places

• 24649 HOUSE, 29 ALMA STREET
• 24685 HOUSE, 23 ALMA STREET
• 24649 HOUSE, 29 ALMA STREET
• 24646 HOUSE, 25 ALMA STREET
• 24685 HOUSE, 23 ALMA STREET
• 24660 HOUSE, 31 ALMA STREET
• 24656 HOUSE, 27 ALMA STREET
• 24646 HOUSE, 25 ALMA STREET
• 24656 HOUSE, 27 ALMA STREET
• 24660 HOUSE, 31 ALMA STREET

Physical Description

All five buildings are single storey houses

Creation Date

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HOUSE, 25 ALMA STREET

Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Statement of Significance

House, 25 Alma Street, is a typical brick, render and iron single storey house dating from 1916. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture.

Physical Description

25 Alma Street is a single storey, brick and iron house with an asymmetrical facade designed as a simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture. The walls are face brick with a wide banding of rough finish render. The roof is gabled and clad with corrugated iron. There is a face brick corbelled chimney. There is a protruding front room with two double hung sash windows and a gable end (with a simple timber roof vent with rendered sill set into gable-end). There is a vertical brick lintel detail to double sash windows of the front room. Adjacent is a verandah under a continuous corrugated iron roof supported on turned timber posts with simple decorative verandah brackets. The wall under the verandah has the front door and another window. The house is set back from the front boundary and there is a grassed front garden with bushes partially obscuring the front facade.

History

This house was formerly 95 Alma Street. Numbering changed in 1934/35. This house was built after 1908 as it is not shown on the sewerage plan of that year. It is first apparent in the Post Office Directories in 1916 and the occupant was Richard Flintoff. The cottages at 23 to 31 Alma Street were all built in the same year. A photograph c. 1980 shows that the house was in good condition. The roof was corrugated iron and the brick façade was rendered to a height level with the tops of the windows. The verandah had been partially enclosed with lattice and asbestos sheeting. The block was surrounded with a timber fence.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). High degree of authenticity with much original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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HOUSE, 27 ALMA STREET

Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Statement of Significance

House, 27 Alma Street, is a typical rendered brick and iron single storey house dating from 1916. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture.

Physical Description

27 Alma Street is a single storey, rendered brick and iron house with an asymmetrical facade designed as a simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture. The walls are rendered brick. The roof is hipped and gabled and clad with corrugated iron. There are two face brick corbelled chimneys. There is a protruding front room with two double hung sash windows and an awning over. Adjacent is a verandah under a continuous corrugated iron roof supported on masonry columns and piers. The verandah has been partially enclosed with glazed louvres. The front garden is grassed with no fence to the front boundary line.

History

27 Alma Street was formerly 97 Alma Street. Numbering changed in 1934/35. The house was built after 1908 as it is not shown on the sewerage plan of that year. It is first listed in the Post Office Directories in 1916 and the occupant was John Sheridan. The cottages at 23 to 31 Alma Street were all built in the same year. A photograph of the house taken c. 1980 shows that the house was in good condition. The roof was corrugated iron and the walls were rendered. The front verandah was partially enclosed with louvres and brick. A cyclone mesh fence is located on the front boundary and a timber garage was located in the back of the property.

Integrity/Authenticity

Medium to high degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). Medium degree of authenticity with much original fabric remaining but with some alterations.

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HOUSE, 29 ALMA STREET

Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Statement of Significance

House, 29 Alma Street, is a typical brick and iron single storey house dating from 1916. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture.

Physical Description

29 Alma Street is a single storey, brick and iron house with an asymmetrical facade designed as a simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture. The walls are brick. The roof is hipped and half gabled and clad with corrugated iron with an inset gable over the front entrance. There is a face brick and render chimney. Originally symmetrical the facade has a central front door flanked either side by pairs of timber framed casement windows with fanlights. There is a later rendered extension to the western end of the verandah. The verandah has a broken back corrugated iron roof and is supported by turned timber posts with simple detailing to verandah brackets and beam. There is a low rendered masonry fence and a high hedge to the front boundary line.

History

29 Alma Street was formerly 99 Alma Street. Numbering changed in 1934/35. 29 Alma Street was built after 1908 as it is not shown on the sewerage plan of that year. It is first listed in the Post Office Directories in 1916 and the occupant was Alex Prentice. The cottages at 23 to 31 Alma Street were all built in the same year. A photograph of the house taken c. 1980 shows that the brick and iron house was in relatively good condition. Approximately one third of the front verandah had been enclosed with louvres and asbestos sheeting and there was a low rendered brick wall on the front boundary.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). High degree of authenticity with much original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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HOUSE, 31 ALMA STREET

Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Uses

Historic Themes

Creation Date

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Parent Place or Precinct

25924 Workers' Homes Board Precinct, 23-31 Alma St, Fremantle

Statement of Significance

House, 31 Alma Street, is a typical rendered brick and iron single storey house dating from 1916. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture.

Physical Description

31 Alma Street is a single storey, rendered brick and iron house with an asymmetrical facade designed as a simple example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture. The walls are rendered brick. The roof is hipped and gabled and clad with corrugated iron. There is a face brick corbelled chimney. There is a projecting front room with two double hung sash windows and a gable end. Adjacent is a verandah under a broken back corrugated iron roof supported on square timber posts with a simple decorative verandah valance. The wall under the verandah has the front door and two other double hung sash windows. There is a low height rendered masonry wall to the front boundary line.

History

31 Alma Street was formerly 101 Alma Street. Numbering changed in 1934/35. 31 Alma Street was built after 1908 as it is not shown on the sewerage plan of that year. It is first listed in the Post Office Directories in 1916 and the occupant was Harry Blowfield. The cottages at 23 to 31 Alma Street were all built in the same year.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). High degree of authenticity with much original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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HOUSE, 33 ALMA STREET

Uses

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Statement of Significance

House, 33 Alma Street, is a typical rendered brick and iron single storey house dating from 1892. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is simple example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

33 Alma Street is a single storey, rendered brick and iron house with an asymmetrical facade designed as an example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are rendered brick. The roof is hipped and gabled and clad with corrugated iron. There is a rendered brick corbelled chimney. There is a projecting front room with a timber casement window shielded by a timber and iron roof awning, with simple decorative treatment to the awning beam and supports. The adjacent verandah extends beyond the front, continuing along the side of the house. The verandah roof is separate, and is supported on masonry and double timber posts. The masonry balustrade is rendered and capped. There is a low height rendered masonry wall to the front boundary line.

History

33 Alma Street was formerly 103 Alma Street. Numbering changed in 1934/35. 33 Alma Street was built for the owner Horace E Mofflin in 1892. Mofflin was variously described as a merchant, skin merchant and the manager of the firm G. E. Wills and Co. He owned the house until the 1920s and he or members of his family lived there until 1904. It was then occupied by a succession of tenants. The 1907 sewerage plan of the site shows that the stone house had front and rear verandahs. In the rear of the lot was a well and several galvanised iron structures and a stone closet. The front boundary is fenced and a stone wall is evident on portion of the western boundary. The remainder of the lot is fenced. The daughter of Horace Mofflin, Eileen Emma Mofflin married Frederick William Notley in 1924 and the couple moved into the house. Frederick Notley built a factory, from a reconstructed military building from the Blackboy Arm Camp, in the back yard of 33 Alma Street. From the factory he ran a soft furnishing business and supplied all the firms in Perth with tassels, cords, pyjama girdles and blind pulls etc. The Notleys moved from the cottage in the 1950s and settled in Hilton. Frederick Notley was subsequently elected as a Fremantle councillor from 1967 to 1975. He was involved with the establishment of day care facilities and a day care centre in Hilton was named after him. The house was transferred to Camela Circella in 1952 and it was occupied by Luisa Di Rosa from 1952 to 1956. In 1978 the roof was in poor condition. There was a low brick wall on the front boundary (not original). In 1985, the City of Fremantle received an application to renovate the bathroom and this work was completed by 1987.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). High degree of authenticity with much original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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HOUSE, 35 ALMA STREET

Uses

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Statement of Significance

House, 35 Alma Street, is a typical limestone, brick and iron single storey house dating from 1896. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is an example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

35 Alma Street is a single storey,limestone, brick and iron house designed as a an example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are limestone with brick quoining. The roof is hipped and clad with corrugated iron. There is a face brick and render corbelled chimney. There is a high brick, limestone and timber picket fence to the front boundary, behind which are several large trees and bushes which obscure much of the front facade.

History

35 Alma Street was originally 105 Alma Street. Numbering changed in 1934/35. A cottage was first erected on the lot in 1896 for Charles Nixon, photographer. Nixon continued to own and reside at the place until at least the 1910s. In 1907, a plan of the site shows that the stone building had a verandah at the front of the house. A timber addition was evident across the back of the building. In the rear of the property was a timber outbuilding and a brick closet. A 1913 PWD plan shows there appears to be no fence between the cottage and the adjacent residence (later numbered 37). In the 1920s, the place was purchased by Letitia Hosking, who continued to live at the place until c.1950, although from the 1930s the place was owned by Gordon Henry Gray. Circa 1950 the place was purchased by Salvatore Paporone. Another Paporone, Antonio, purchased the neighbouring residence at 37 Alma Street at the same time. The Paparones lived at 35 and 37 Alma Street at least until the mid-1950s and possibly much longer. A photograph taken between 1979 and 1981 shows the residence with smooth rendering across the right hand portion of the front façade, with gable end timbers removed. Some of the rendering is in poor condition and peeling away, and the short-sheeted corrugated iron roof is also in poor condition. A skillion carport is attached at the left of the building. The front verandah is a skillion profile. The front door is four-panel timber with glazing in the panels of both sidelights and the toplight. In 1986 the house was advertised for sale as a substantially intact c.1900 residence retaining ceiling roses, timber floors and original fireplaces in all four main rooms. An enclosed sunroom, bathroom and kitchen area stretched across the rear of the house. The rear yard featured a mature grape trellis. In 1987, the owner applied to demolish the rear lean-to and a portion of the rear roof in order to construct an addition of kitchen, living room, dining room and loft. The development was approved and appears to have been constructed shortly after. A 1998 photograph shows the render has been removed and the stonework and brick quoining of the front façade restored. Additions when compared to the c.1980 photograph include decorative timbers to the gable-end, a timber finial, long-sheeted corrugated iron roofing, a corrugated iron awning over the main front window, and possibly a bull-nose verandah replacing the skillion verandah shown in c.1980. The main front window also appears to be larger and higher than in the c.1980 photograph, suggesting a replacement, although shadowing in the photograph may be misleading.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). High degree of authenticity with much original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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HOUSE, 37 ALMA STREET

Uses

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Creation Date

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Statement of Significance

House, 37 Alma Street, is a single storey brick and tile house dating from c1900. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical building stock located within the residential areas of Fremantle. It is historically significant as a representation of typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is an example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture.

Physical Description

House, 37 Alma Street is a single storey, face and rendered brick and tile house with a symmetrical facade designed as an example of the Victorian Georgian style of architecture. The walls are face brick to the lower section of the wall and rendered brick above. The roof is hipped and clad with tiles. There is a central front door flanked on either side by timber framed sets of three windows with a fixed pane to the centre and double hung sashes either side, all with modern security screens. The verandah is under a separate flat concrete roof supported by round metal posts with a metal balustrade and a concrete floor. There is a low level rendered masonry wall to the front boundary.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). Medium degree of authenticity with some original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as fair to good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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Balding Nursing Home

Uses

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Statement of Significance

DEMOLISHED- retained on MHI database for historical information purposes only.

Physical Description

DEMOLISHED

History

Name after Matron Balding, these Nurses quarters were an integral part of the old public hospital. Construction began in 1918, located on the corner of Alma and Attfield streets, and the home was completed the following year. The hospital board launched an appeal to cover some of the costs. A number of promises of funds were made by local citizens to furnish the new home. Accommodation soon became a problem; plans were completed for an additional floor in 1925. An ablution block was added to the end of every floor. The rooms all went off a central hall and opened on to verandahs on three sides. The lounge was the full width of the end of the lower floor. The growth of the hospital meant that the additional nursing staff were required leading to an accommodation problem yet again. Plans were drawn up for a three storied brick wing adjacent to the existing quarters. It was opened in 1938. According to oral histories the old section housed the probationers, while the new wing housed senior nursing staff, and third year nurses. In 1939 it was decided to name the new extensions in honour of Matron Balding.

Integrity/Authenticity

DEMOLISHED

Condition

DEMOLISHED

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HOUSE, 13 AMHERST STREET

Uses

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Statement of Significance

House, 13 Amherst Street, is a single storey brick and tile house dating from c1920. The place has aesthetic value for its contribution to the streetscape and the surrounding area. It is representative of the typical building stock located within the residential areas of Fremantle. It is historically significant as a representation of typical workers' houses in the Fremantle area. The place is an example of the Federation Bungalow style of architecture.

Physical Description

House, 13 Amherst Street is a single storey brick and tile house constructed in the Federation Bungalow style of Architecture. The walls are rendered. The roof is hipped and gabled and clad with tiles. The verandah is under the main roof supported by rendered pillars and a half wall rendered balustrade. The asymmetrical front façade has a front room under the gable roof with timber framed windows under a tiled awning. The facade under the verandah roof has a door and timber framed windows. The house is situated above street level on limestone foundations.

History

Amherst Street was named after the Hon J. G. H. Amherst who was private secretary to the Governor, Sir Frederick Napier Broome, from 1885 to 1889.

Integrity/Authenticity

High degree of integrity (original intent clear, current use compatible, high long term sustainability). High degree of authenticity with much original fabric remaining. (These statements based on street survey only).

Condition

Condition assessed as fair to good (assessed from streetscape survey only).

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